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How to Fix Runtime Error 91 on Windows 11: Step-by-Step Solutions That Work

Runtime Error 91 is a common issue that Windows 11 users might face while running certain programs. It usually indicates that a program is trying to use an object that hasn’t been properly set or initialized. This error can interrupt your work and cause frustration.

Fortunately, fixing Runtime Error 91 is often straightforward if you follow the right steps. This guide will walk you through simple, detailed solutions to help you resolve this problem quickly.

Each step is explained in a clear and basic way, so even if you’re not very tech-savvy, you can follow along easily. Let’s get started on fixing Runtime Error 91 on your Windows 11 PC.

By the end of this article, you’ll have multiple methods to try, from basic checks to more advanced options.

Quick Note Before You Begin

Before diving into fixes, here are a few quick checks to make sure you’re ready:

  • Save your work: Some fixes may require restarting your computer or closing programs.
  • Backup important files: It’s always good to have a backup before making system changes.
  • Check for software updates: Sometimes, the error happens because the program you’re using is outdated.
  • Know which program causes the error: Identifying this helps focus the troubleshooting.

Step 1: Restart Your Computer

Though simple, restarting your PC often fixes many temporary issues. It clears the system memory and closes any programs that might be causing the error.

  1. Click on the Start menu (Windows icon) at the bottom left of your screen.
  2. Select the Power button.
  3. Click Restart.

After your PC restarts, try running the program again to see if the Runtime Error 91 still appears.

Step 2: Update the Problematic Software

Many runtime errors happen because the software has bugs or compatibility issues. Developers regularly release updates to fix these problems.

  1. Open the program that is giving the error.
  2. Look for an Update option in the menu, often under Help or About.
  3. Follow the instructions to download and install any available updates.

If the program does not have an update feature, visit the official website and download the latest version manually.

Step 3: Run the Program as Administrator

Sometimes, runtime errors occur because the program doesn’t have enough permissions to run properly.

  1. Right-click the program’s shortcut or executable file.
  2. Select Run as administrator.
  3. If prompted by User Account Control (UAC), click Yes to allow.

Running as administrator gives the program higher privileges, which can help it access necessary resources and prevent errors.

Step 4: Repair or Reinstall the Software

If updating doesn’t work, the program’s files might be corrupted. Repairing or reinstalling the software can fix this.

Repair the Program

  1. Press Windows + I to open Settings.
  2. Go to Apps > Installed apps.
  3. Find the program causing the error in the list.
  4. Click the three-dot menu next to it and select Modify or Repair (if available).
  5. Follow the on-screen instructions.

Reinstall the Program

  1. Uninstall the program via the same Apps menu.
  2. Restart your computer.
  3. Download the latest version from the official website.
  4. Install the program fresh.

This process replaces damaged files and resets program settings that might cause Runtime Error 91.

Step 5: Check for Windows Updates

Windows updates include important fixes and improvements that can resolve system errors.

  1. Press Windows + I to open Settings.
  2. Click Windows Update from the left menu.
  3. Click Check for updates.
  4. Install any available updates, then restart your PC.

Keeping Windows up to date ensures your system runs smoothly and can reduce runtime errors.

Step 6: Use the System File Checker Tool

Runtime errors can sometimes be caused by corrupted system files. Windows has a tool called System File Checker (SFC) that scans and repairs these files.

  1. Press Windows + S and type cmd.
  2. Right-click Command Prompt and select Run as administrator.
  3. In the black window, type sfc /scannow and press Enter.
  4. Wait for the scan to complete. This may take several minutes.
  5. If any problems are found, the tool will try to fix them automatically.

After the process finishes, restart your PC and check if the error persists.

Step 7: Check for Missing or Corrupt VBA References (For VBA Users)

If you encounter Runtime Error 91 while using VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) in programs like Microsoft Excel, missing or broken references can be the cause.

  1. Open the VBA editor by pressing Alt + F11 in the affected Office program.
  2. Click Tools > References.
  3. Look for any references marked as Missing.
  4. Uncheck the missing references or try to locate the correct file and fix the path.
  5. Click OK and try running your VBA code again.

Fixing missing references ensures your code has access to all needed libraries and objects.

Alternative Method: Use Compatibility Mode

If the program you’re running is older, it might not be fully compatible with Windows 11, which can cause runtime errors.

  1. Right-click the program’s shortcut or .exe file.
  2. Select Properties.
  3. Go to the Compatibility tab.
  4. Check the box that says Run this program in compatibility mode for:.
  5. Choose an older version of Windows, such as Windows 10 or 7.
  6. Click Apply and then OK.
  7. Run the program again.

This method helps if the software was designed for earlier Windows versions.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What causes Runtime Error 91 on Windows 11?

It usually happens when a program tries to use an object variable that has not been set or initialized. This can be due to software bugs, corrupted files, or compatibility issues.

Is Runtime Error 91 dangerous?

It’s not harmful to your computer but can prevent the affected program from working correctly.

Can antivirus software cause this error?

Sometimes, antivirus programs might interfere with software operations, but this is rare. Temporarily disabling antivirus can help test this, but be sure to turn it back on.

Do I need to reinstall Windows to fix this error?

Usually, no. Most Runtime Error 91 issues can be fixed with the steps above without reinstalling Windows.

Will updating drivers help?

While less common, outdated drivers can cause software errors. It’s a good idea to keep drivers updated, especially graphics and system drivers.

When Nothing Works

If you’ve tried all the steps above and still see Runtime Error 91, here are some final options:

  • Contact the software’s support team: They can provide specific guidance or patches.
  • Use Windows Event Viewer: Check for detailed error messages that can help identify the cause.
  • Perform a System Restore: Restore your PC to a point before the error started happening.
  • Visit Microsoft’s official support pages: https://support.microsoft.com

These options require more technical skill but can help resolve stubborn issues.

Conclusion

Runtime Error 91 on Windows 11 can be frustrating, but with the right approach, it is usually fixable. Start with simple solutions like restarting your PC and updating software. Then move on to repairing programs, running system scans, and checking compatibility.

Understanding why the error occurs helps you choose the best solution. If basic steps don’t work, don’t hesitate to seek official help or consider advanced troubleshooting.

By following this step-by-step guide, you increase your chances of fixing Runtime Error 91 quickly and getting back to smooth computing.

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